The Islamic Revolution of Iran can be considered a turning point in the contemporary history of the Islamic world, which, with the slogan of independence, freedom, and the rule of divine values, proposed a new model of religious civilization in the modern era. This revolution not only transformed the political structure of Iran, but also opened a new horizon of returning to religious identity, social justice, and spiritual scientism against Western civilization. The present study uses an analytical-descriptive method to examine the civilizational capacities of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and, while explaining its theoretical foundations, analyzes the challenges and opportunities facing the realization of a new Islamic civilization. The findings show that the Islamic Revolution, relying on components such as religious democracy, justice, science-centeredness, and cultural independence, has the ability to reproduce Islamic civilization; the Islamic Revolution of 1979 not only changed the political system of Iran, but also had profound effects on the culture, identity, politics, and economy of Iran and even on a global level, especially in Islamic countries. The civilizational capacities of this revolution, as a model of government based on Islamic teachings, have led to the formation of a different model of politics and government in the contemporary world. On the other hand, in the face of challenges such as secular globalization, weak institutional efficiency, cultural invasion, and economic inequality, it requires a civilizational review and planning; also, challenges such as sanctions, economic isolation, and internal disputes within the system are among the main obstacles to the full realization of these capacities. The article also discusses the opportunities ahead of the Islamic Republic to develop and expand these capacities, especially in the economic, cultural, and political spheres.