Strategic Research of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution

Abstract The "Second Step of the Islamic Revolution" statement outlines a new horizon for the civilizational future-making of the Islamic Republic of Iran- one in which the realization of a Strong Iran is emphasized as the core of the emerging Islamic civilization by the Supreme Leader. This article aims to reinterpret the core components of a Strong Iran within the intellectual framework of the Supreme Leader, a framework grounded in principles such as faith, justice, rationality, spirituality, independence, and youth-centered governance. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and content analysis of the Second Step Statement, the Supreme Leader’s speeches, and key strategic documents of the Revolution, this study identifies and analyzes seven foundational components of a Strong Iran: science and research, spirituality and ethics, resistance economy, justice orientation, political independence, youth leadership, and Islamic lifestyle. The findings reveal that these elements, from the Leader’s perspective, are not merely tools of power accumulation, but interconnected circles that enable the transition from an Islamic state to an Islamic civilization. The article concludes by emphasizing the need to develop executive strategies to reinforce these components in national policymaking and youth education.

Abstract The Second Step Declaration of the Islamic Revolution, issued by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution, outlines a comprehensive roadmap for Iranian society to move towards a new Islamic civilization. One of the main pillars of this declaration is the emphasis on scientific progress as the foundation for transformation in other political, cultural, social, and economic spheres. In this regard, it is necessary for the Iranian scientific system to rely on past experiences and indigenous capacities to guide its movement towards scientific authority in the Islamic world and an effective presence on the global scientific front.In this regard, it is necessary for the Iranian scientific system to rely on past experiences and indigenous capacities to guide its movement towards scientific authority in the Islamic world and an effective presence on the global scientific front.Paying attention to emerging sciences such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, nanotechnology, new energies, and cognitive sciences can be the foundation for remarkable developments in the future. On the other hand, the link between scientific progress and social justice is also a key axis in the path of building Islamic civilization.

Abstract Hijab and modesty are two key concepts in Islam that go beyond simple clothing; they represent the religion’s deep perspective on human dignity and social well-being. This study examines the position of hijab and modesty in the thought of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution. To achieve this, 34 of his speeches delivered between 2012 and 2024 were analyzed.



The findings indicate that, from the Leader’s viewpoint, hijab encompasses three essential dimensions: first, it is a definitive religious command for Muslim women; second, it serves as a law applicable to all members of society; and third, it represents a collective social responsibility. Referring to the Qur’an, he explains that the purpose of hijab is to ensure the safety of women within society, preserve their dignity and respect, and prevent unethical gazes in order to protect the community’s moral health.



He likens hijab to a wall that safeguards a garden and allows it to flourish—thus, hijab is not a restriction but rather a source of security. The Leader also emphasizes the role of hijab in strengthening the family unit and resisting foreign cultural influences, considering it a stronghold against adversarial efforts to erode Iranian-Islamic identity. In this regard, the achievements of veiled Iranian women in international arenas—particularly in sports—serve as practical and influential examples. Such successes both refute Western claims that “progress is impossible with hijab” and offer inspiration to Muslim women around the world.

Abstract The Second Step of the Islamic Revolution is a statement issued by the Supreme Leader of the Revolution on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Islamic Revolution of 1979 on February 12, 2018, in which the anti-arrogance of the Iranian nation is mentioned. In the meantime, it can be stated that these deep relations between Iran and the United States were completely reversed with the Islamic Revolution of 1979 under the leadership of Imam Khomeini (RA), and the two countries became enemies of each other. This hostility intensified with the seizure of the American embassy in Tehran by students following the line. With the start of the imposed war and the invasion of Iran by the Iraqi Baath regime in September 1980, the Middle East region was plunged into chaos and turmoil, to the point that the United States, in order to secure the world's energy route and its allied countries, sent a large part of its military fleet, including aircraft carriers and warships, to the region and the Persian Gulf, which resulted in the targeting of an Iranian Airbus passenger plane, in which all its passengers and crew were martyred. In the meantime, the spirit of anti-arrogance and confrontation with the bullying of the United States and its partners has always been strengthened among the Iranian people.

Abstract Global developments in the second phase of Iran's Islamic Revolution, based on the Supreme Leader's strategic statement, examine various dimensions of this document in political, economic, cultural, and scientific spheres. Emphasizing the new Islamic civilization-building, this article analyzes Iran's role in the Axis of Resistance, international relations, the resistance economy, and technological advancements. Findings indicate that despite sanctions and external challenges, Iran has achieved significant successes in areas such as defense technology, nanotechnology, and nuclear energy.



In the political arena, Iran has consolidated its position in the world's multipolar order by strengthening the Axis of Resistance and joining organizations such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and BRICS. However, the geopolitical costs of this strategy, including proxy wars and sanctions, have put significant pressure on the country's economy. On the other hand, persistent tensions with the West and internal challenges such as corruption and inefficiency have made the full implementation of the second phase's objectives difficult.



In the economic sphere, despite efforts to reduce dependence on oil and develop a knowledge-based economy, reliance on oil revenues remains high, and problems such as inflation and unemployment persist. The article suggests that to achieve the goals of the second phase, Iran must focus on structural reforms, combating corruption, strengthening cultural diplomacy, and balancing ideology with pragmatism to present a successful model of a new Islamic civilization.

Abstract The Islamic Revolution of Iran can be considered a turning point in the contemporary history of the Islamic world, which, with the slogan of independence, freedom, and the rule of divine values, proposed a new model of religious civilization in the modern era. This revolution not only transformed the political structure of Iran, but also opened a new horizon of returning to religious identity, social justice, and spiritual scientism against Western civilization. The present study uses an analytical-descriptive method to examine the civilizational capacities of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and, while explaining its theoretical foundations, analyzes the challenges and opportunities facing the realization of a new Islamic civilization. The findings show that the Islamic Revolution, relying on components such as religious democracy, justice, science-centeredness, and cultural independence, has the ability to reproduce Islamic civilization; the Islamic Revolution of 1979 not only changed the political system of Iran, but also had profound effects on the culture, identity, politics, and economy of Iran and even on a global level, especially in Islamic countries. The civilizational capacities of this revolution, as a model of government based on Islamic teachings, have led to the formation of a different model of politics and government in the contemporary world. On the other hand, in the face of challenges such as secular globalization, weak institutional efficiency, cultural invasion, and economic inequality, it requires a civilizational review and planning; also, challenges such as sanctions, economic isolation, and internal disputes within the system are among the main obstacles to the full realization of these capacities. The article also discusses the opportunities ahead of the Islamic Republic to develop and expand these capacities, especially in the economic, cultural, and political spheres.