Global developments in the second phase of Iran's Islamic Revolution, based on the Supreme Leader's strategic statement, examine various dimensions of this document in political, economic, cultural, and scientific spheres. Emphasizing the new Islamic civilization-building, this article analyzes Iran's role in the Axis of Resistance, international relations, the resistance economy, and technological advancements. Findings indicate that despite sanctions and external challenges, Iran has achieved significant successes in areas such as defense technology, nanotechnology, and nuclear energy.



In the political arena, Iran has consolidated its position in the world's multipolar order by strengthening the Axis of Resistance and joining organizations such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and BRICS. However, the geopolitical costs of this strategy, including proxy wars and sanctions, have put significant pressure on the country's economy. On the other hand, persistent tensions with the West and internal challenges such as corruption and inefficiency have made the full implementation of the second phase's objectives difficult.



In the economic sphere, despite efforts to reduce dependence on oil and develop a knowledge-based economy, reliance on oil revenues remains high, and problems such as inflation and unemployment persist. The article suggests that to achieve the goals of the second phase, Iran must focus on structural reforms, combating corruption, strengthening cultural diplomacy, and balancing ideology with pragmatism to present a successful model of a new Islamic civilization.